Rautavaara is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Northern Savonia region. The municipality has a population of 1,409 (31 August 2024) and covers an area of 1,235.26 square kilometres (476.94 sq mi) of which 84.09 km2 (32.47 sq mi) is water. The population density is 1.22 inhabitants per square kilometre (3.2/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Tiilikkajärvi National Park is located both in Rautavaara and its neighboring municipality Sotkamo.